A Comparative Analysis of Human Resource Management Practices in State-Owned Enterprises and Private Enterprises

With the deepening of China's economic system reform, enterprises of different ownership systems show significant differences in human resource management and resource integration. However, in the past, most of the comparative analyses of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in terms of human resource management remained at the theoretical level. Therefore, through the study of specific cases, we can gain a deeper understanding of the characteristics of different ownership enterprises in human resource management, so as to provide useful experience and reference for other enterprises. Firstly, this paper reviews the development history of the field of human resource management at home and abroad. It is found that the development of HRM in western countries focuses more on theoretical innovation and practical application, while China has gone through the transition process from a planned economy to a market economy. During this transition process, Chinese enterprises have faced many challenges and opportunities, and human resource management has undergone significant changes. Secondly, this paper chooses State Grid and Alibaba as typical cases, representing state-owned enterprises and private enterprises, respectively, and conducts a comparative analysis in terms of organizational change and human resource management. Through the case study, it is found that there are many differences in human resource management between the two. Finally, this paper expects to further explore the deep-rooted reasons behind the differences in the future and propose corresponding management strategies to help enterprises overcome the challenges they face and realize sustainable development.