Pedagogical Discourse on the Work of Schools in Wartime. The Ukrainian Case

The subject and, at the same time, the aim of this article is to present the results of original research conducted among primary school principals in Ukraine. The aim point of the research was to find an answer to the research question: What measures were implemented by school principals in western Ukraine in relation to the ongoing war immediately after its outbreak and after the one-year period? The article presents practical examples of measures implemented by principals in terms of school management in the conditions of the ongoing war. The study used a diagnostic survey method and an author’s survey questionnaire. The study included a group of 60 primary school principals from the Lviv region and the city of Lviv. The research was implemented in 2023 using ethical principles and informed consent of the respondents. Analysis of the results from the surveys made it possible to observe differences in the actions of the principals. Actions introduced in schools immediately after the outbreak of the war differed from actions after the one-year period of the war. The results from the research showed the need for schools to prepare for the changes that are taking place due to the ongoing war in Ukraine, but may also be applicable due to crisis situations occurring in the modern world. Lessons learned from the experience gained by Ukrainian schools can serve educational systems in other countries.