Development of the robotics industry of Kazakhstan and global trends: problems and solutions

The development of the robotics industry in Kazakhstan is an essential factor in the country’s industrial modernization and economic growth. However, Kazakhstan lags behind global leaders in robot adoption, automation density, and domestic robotics manufacturing. This study examines the challenges, trends, and solutions for robotics development in Kazakhstan, drawing comparisons with global benchmarks. A regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of robot density, R&D investment, AI adoption, labor displacement, and STEM education on industrial productivity. The results indicate that robot density and AI investments significantly boost productivity, but Kazakhstan’s low STEM workforce and weak policy incentives limit automation growth. Additionally, automation-related labor displacement poses risks, necessitating comprehensive workforce reskilling programs. Key recommendations include increasing robotics R&D funding to at least 1% of GDP, providing tax incentives for automation investments, strengthening STEM education, and aligning robotics policies with global best practices. Kazakhstan must also attract foreign robotics firms, establish a legal framework for AI and robotics, and develop a local robotics manufacturing ecosystem. Future research should explore the long-term labor market effects of automation, cost-benefit analyses of robotics investments, AI-driven industrial automation, and infrastructure challenges. By implementing strategic policies, Kazakhstan can accelerate robotics adoption, enhance industrial productivity, and integrate into the global high-tech economy.