Success Rate of Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Section and Associated Factors Among Women Who Gave Birth at Adama Hoapital Medical College

<i>Background;</i> Vaginal Birth After cesarean section (VBAC) is considered a viable and safe option for many women who have previously undergone a cesarean section, particularly when the initial cesarean section was performed for a non-recurring indication. Studies indicates that VBAC can lead to lower rates of maternal complications and faster recovery times with success rate of 60-80% compared to elective repeat cesarean deliveries. <i>Objective;</i> to assess success rate of vaginal birth after cesarean section and factors associated with VBAC in woman who gave birth at AHMC in 2024. <i>Method;</i> institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at AHMC involving 208 mothers who had undergone one previous cesarean section. Data were collected using a structured checklist that was pretested prior to the study. The collected data were entered and cleaned using Epi-data version 3.7 and analyzed with SPSS version 24 to determine frequency distributions, means, and standard deviations. Bivariate and Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the success rate of vaginal birth after cesarean section and to identify factors associated with VBAC. A 95% confidence interval and 5% level precision were used to determine the presence of associations between and independent variables in the final model. <i>Result;</i> the total number of mothers with one previous cesarean section who were offered trial of labor and included in this study were 208. Out of these 86 (41.3%) with CI (34.59%-48.09%) had successful vaginal birth. Independent variables history of pervious VBAC (AOR=6.306 [1.143-34.802]), rupture of membrane at admission [AOR=5.758 [2.588-12.812] and Low station at admission [AOR=6.807 [2.34-19.796] are highly associated with VBAC. <i>Conclusion;</i> The study concluded that the overall success rate of Vaginal Birth after Cesarean (VBAC) in this research is consistent with findings from earlier studies conducted in Ethiopia. Key factors identified as predictors of VBAC success include a prior history of vaginal delivery following a cesarean section (C/S) scar, low fetal station, and membrane rupture. These elements play a significant role in determining the likelihood of a successful VBAC.