Re-evaluating perioperative and neoadjuvant immunotherapy in early-stage lung cancer: Current evidence and discussions

Re-evaluating perioperative and neoadjuvant immunotherapy in early-stage lung cancer: Current evidence and discussionsEarly-stage lung cancer remains a challenging disease with a significant risk of recurrence despite treatment.In recent years, there has been growing interest in the application of neoadjuvant and perioperative immunotherapies.The success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced stages has prompted their investigation in earlier disease stages.This editorial examines clinical trials comparing the efficacy of perioperative and neoadjuvant immunotherapies, focusing on their impact on survival, pathological response rates, and toxicity profiles.Furthermore, ongoing debates and the importance of patient-centered decision-making are discussed.