Assessing Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nurses Regarding Oxygen Therapy in the Critical Care Units at Tertiary Care Hospital Swat, Pakistan

Background: Oxygen therapy is a critical intervention for managing patients in critical care units, particularly those with respiratory complications. Nurses play a pivotal role in administering oxygen therapy, and their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) significantly affect patient outcomes. This study aimed to assess the KAP of nurses in oxygen therapy at a tertiary care hospital in Swat, Pakistan. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 80 nurses using a structured questionnaire. Participants were selected through convenient sampling. Data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 24, using descriptive and inferential statistical methods to evaluate replies related to KAP. Results: The findings revealed that 90% of nurses knew oxygen as a drug, and 75% acknowledged its prescription necessity except in emergencies. However, gaps in understanding peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels and oxygen therapy for specific conditions, such as Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), were observed. Attitudes towards guideline use and documentation were positive, but only 40% reported periodic review of protocols. Practice indicators highlighted strong knowledge of oxygen delivery devices but identified areas requiring further training, such as complications management. Conclusion: While nurses demonstrated commendable baseline knowledge, significant misconceptions and practice gaps were identified. Regular training sessions and protocol updates are recommended to address these issues and ensure safer oxygen therapy administration.