Development and Validation of the Attitude Scale towards Indoor Football (Astroturf)

Indoor football (astroturf football) is a popular sport, particularly among men. This study aims to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to assess the attitudes of individuals playing indoor football. For this purpose, an item pool was initially created. During the development process, relevant literature was reviewed, observations were made of individuals playing indoor football, and expert opinions were consulted to formulate the statements. Based on expert feedback, necessary eliminations, mergers, and revisions were made to the item pool. The final 36-item form was administered to 491 participants, and the data were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Based on the EFA results, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted on the resulting structure. EFA results indicated a two-factor structure consisting of 18 items. The first factor, labeled "Interest," included 11 items, while the second factor, labeled "Discipline," comprised 7 items. These two factors together explained 59.139% of the total variance. The two-factor structure derived from the EFA was confirmed by the CFA. The CFA results indicated that the model met good and acceptable fit indices. Reliability analyses of the scale and its subdimensions were performed, and the stability coefficient was calculated. The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were .941 for the Interest dimension, .825 for the Discipline dimension, and .921 for the overall scale. The stability coefficients were .913 for Interest, .782 for Discipline, and .921 for the total score. As a result, a valid and reliable two-dimensional measurement tool was developed to assess the attitudes of individuals playing indoor football.