EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF ORAL CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION DURING PREGNANCY FOR PREVENTION OF PREECLAMPSIA: A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: Calcium supplementation is a promising intervention in preventing preeclampsia, a major global health concern. Clinical trials and meta-analyses show its protective effect in reducing hypertensive complications. However, the exact effectiveness and safety profile require further evaluation to guide clinical practice. This systematic review aims to enhance evidence-based decision-making in maternal health.Methods: This systematic review adhered to PRISMA 2020 guidelines and focused exclusively on full-text articles published in English between 2015 and 2025. Editorials and review articles without a DOI were excluded to preserve the integrity of high-quality sources. A literature review was conducted utilizing reputable databases, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and SagePub, to identify relevant studies.Result: The initial database search yielded over 30 relevant publications on the topic. Following a comprehensive three-stage screening process, eight studies met the specified inclusion criteria and were selected for in-depth analysis. A comprehensive critical evaluation was conducted for each study, enabling an in-depth analysis of the effectiveness and safety of oral calcium supplementation during pregnancy for the prevention of preeclampsia. This systematic approach ensured that the analysis was grounded in high-quality evidence, aligned with the study's objectives, and capable of providing significant insights into this complex association.Conclusion: Calcium supplementation is an effective measure to reduce preeclampsia risk, especially in those with insufficient dietary intake. The WHO recommends 1.5-2 grams daily, enhancing vascular stability and hypertension. However, individual reactions may vary, necessitating personalized strategies. Future studies should optimize dosage recommendations.