Association between gingival biotype and alveolar crest bone morphology with gingival recession in lower anterior teeth with crowding

Objectives Crowding is a type of malocclusion commonly seen in mandibular anterior teeth, which may be positioned buccally or lingually or rotated at occlusion and can occur with both thick and thin periodontal biotypes (PBs). However, the association between PB and gingival recession (GR) in crowded lower anterior teeth remains unclear. Material and Methods A total of 75 sites were evaluated in 30 subjects with malpositioned mandibular anterior teeth. Clinical parameters, including gingival thickness (GT), GR, radiographic parameters crown form (CF), and alveolar bone thickness (ABT), are measured using cone-beam computed tomography. Results were analyzed to determine the association of PB with GR in the lower anterior. Statistical analysis used was Spearman’s correlation coefficient (k) used to assess the affiliation between GT, CF, ABT, and GR. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The average age of the subjects was 27.5 ± 5.5 years. The mean values of GT, CF, ABT, and GR were 1.01 ± 0.53, 0.85 ± 0.32, 0.4 ± 0.3, and 1.6 ± 1.6, respectively. A statistically significant ( P < 0.0001) association was found between GT and ABT, with a strong positive correlation between ABT and GR. No considerable correlation was observed between GT and CF with GR. Conclusion In this study, GR was present in both thick and thin gingival biotypes. Buccal ABT was independent of CF and GT and was considered to be the determining factor with the presence or absence of GR.