Enhanced Financial Fraud Determinants: The CCODSI Model

This paper aims to improve our understanding of why people commit fraud by building on existing theories. The paper looks at four popular models that explain why people commit fraud: the fraud triangle, the fraud diamond, the fraud MICE, and the fraud SCORE models. The authors believe these models need to be updated to better fit the increasing number and seriousness of fraud cases. By building on these existing theories, the authors create a new model to help us better understand the main reasons behind fraud. The authors found that the idea of integration of duty is a major factor that makes people commit fraud and conclude in the development of a model with six explanatory variables: circumstantial/situational forces, capability, opportunity, defensive reasons, self-importance thoughts, and integration of duty, all mnemonically represented by C.C.O.D.S.I. On the basis of the findings, six vital recommendations for preventing fraud were made.