Growth-promoting mechanism and biological activity of weed-derived carbon dots on Chinese cabbage and peas

In agriculture, Carbon Dots (CDs) have been shown to enhance plant photosynthesis, boost antioxidant capacity and increase stress resistance. Additionally, CDs can serve as pesticide carrier, to improve the stability, solubility and targeted delivery of pesticide molecules. In this study, novel weed-based CDs derived from Commelina communis were developed. Using peas, Chinese cabbage, and aphids as the test objects, the CDs can promote the growth of seedling, within a certain concentration range, where they can significantly increase the fresh weight of plants. This growth-promoting effect is mainly due to the facilitation of iron ion absorption and the synthesis of chlorophyll by the CDs, thereby enhancing plant photosynthesis. In addition, CDs-flonicamid nanocomposite can improve the adhesion of pesticides on the leaf surfaces, and enhance the control effect against aphids. This work lays a foundation for the development of innovative pesticide formulation based on the CDs and their broader application in agriculture. • A novel weed-derived carbon dot derived from Commelina communis was developed. • CDs enhance plant growth and act as efficient pesticide carriers. • CDs boost photosynthesis, stress resistance, and pesticide delivery. • CDs-flonicamid nanocomposite enhances aphid control.