Evaluation of propagation methods using seeds and cuttings in Solanum procumbens (Lour.)

Solanum procumbens (Lour) is a high-economic, valuable medicinal plant known for its therapeutic properties, with its planting area rapidly expanding. As the demand for standard seedlings increases, this study aims to optimize seed and cutting propagation methods to enhance seedling production and meet market needs. To determine the appropriate seed and cutting treatment measures in Solanum procumbens propagation to create standard seedlings to meet practical requirements, we conducted a study on seed soaking with hot water, GA3 solution and Altonik 1.8 SL, using IBA concentrations combined with different types of cuttings. The results showed that soaking seeds in GA3 solution 20 ppm for six hours was most effective with a high germination rate (95.4%); the seedlings reached 14.09 cm height after 69.3 days after sowing meeting the standard criteria for seedlings to be planted. Treating semi-mature cuttings soaked in 500 ppm IBA solution for 60 seconds achieved the highest results with a high survival rate (83.0%) and 6.53 leaves/shoot at 60 days after planting satisfiing with the standard for practical cultivation. Therefore, Solanum procumbens can be propagated by both seeds and cuttings. The method of seed propagation by soaking in a 20 ppm GA3 solution for six hours should be applied. The method of semi-mature cuttings propagation by soaking in a 500 ppm IBA solution for 60 seconds is recommended.