Problems of extraction of building materials and the possibilities of their solution

Introduction. Improvement of technology of extraction of watered sand and gravel deposits is an urgent issue, which is the purpose of this study. To achieve the goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to study the influence of granulometric composition on the productivity of mining equipment; to develop an effective technological scheme of mining operations with an excavator of dragline type. Materials and methods. The research methods include a comprehensive system analysis of the current state of the mining industry in the Russian Federation, especially in the part of non-metallic minerals extraction. The method of analysis was supplemented by a calculation and analytical method for each proposed technology, as well as a comparative method to identify the preferred option. Results and discussion. On the basis of the analysis of the granulometric composition of sand and gravel rock the zones of effective application of different types of mining equipment have been revealed; the technological scheme of mining operations with the Dragline type excavator has been developed and substantiated. Conclusion. At high gravel content it is expedient to consider the use of dragline type excavators, which will provide stable productivity and efficient extraction of mineral resources. A fundamentally new technological scheme of mining operations with a dragline excavator at sand and gravel deposits is proposed. The productivity of the excavator when using the proposed technology increases by 30% relative to the traditional scheme with a frontal face. Resume. 1. The influence of particle size distribution on the productivity of mining equipment has been studied. 2. An effective technological scheme of mining operations for watered sand and gravel deposits by the dragline type excavator has been developed. 3. A rational formula for calculating the width of the drift, considering the spatial factors of the excavator operation are proposed. 4. The developed methodical approaches can be useful in the development of watered sand-gravel deposits with a high content of gravel in the rock.