Research on Heave Compensation Systems and Control Methods for Deep-Sea Mining

The development of heave compensation systems in marine engineering and deep-sea mining applications is analyzed, and their functional requirements and key features are summarized. Based on this analysis, a system is proposed that uses flexible joints to compensate for pitch and roll motion, along with a single-chamber valve-controlled compensation cylinder with a high-pressure accumulator to compensate for heave motion. An active heave compensation system based on this design is studied using a fuzzy PID control method. A dynamic model of the system is then established for this control system. Numerical simulations are carried out to evaluate the control process and performance under different sea conditions. The results show that the proposed heave compensation system offers distinct advantages such as a simple and compact structure, minimal deck space requirements on the mining vessel, and large compensation angles for both pitch and roll. Furthermore, the use of a fuzzy PID control method for heave compensation achieves a relatively good compensation effect, and can be adapted to varying sea conditions.