Post-Cold War Relations Between India and Bangladesh: A Study of Cooperations and Conflicts

Post-Cold War relations between India and Bangladesh have been marked by both cooperations and conflicts, determined by historical legacies, regional dynamics, and shifting national interests. This article looks at the important areas of collaboration, such as economic, trade partnerships, water-sharing agreements, security and counterterrorism cooperation, and cultural exchanges, all of which have helped to strengthen bilateral relations. However, obstacles remain in the form of border issues, particularly those involving illegal immigration and border security, the unresolved Teesta River water-sharing issue, and tensions caused by the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rise of religious fundamentalism. Additionally, China’s expanding influence in Bangladesh which is under regime change leading to Sheikh Hasina’s asylum in India, has complicated the bilateral relationship. Despite these difficulties, India and Bangladesh have shown perseverance in sustaining talks, attempting to strike a balance between regional stability and their own national interests. This article investigates how cooperation and conflict have affected the trajectory of post-Cold War relations between India and Bangladesh. It provides insights into the strategic bilateral partnership and its future prospects.