The Risk Assessment of Bridge Pile Foundation Construction in Karst Regions Based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

The construction of bridge pile foundations in karst regions faces significant risks, including karst collapse and ground subsidence caused by dewatering during excavation. Both karst collapse and shallow soil cavity subsidence are influenced by numerous factors, which significantly complicates the risk assessment of bridge pile foundation construction in these areas. This study proposes a risk assessment method for bridge pile foundation construction in karst regions based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). An evaluation index system for pile foundation construction risks was established through experimental research, expert surveys, and data analysis. Additionally, the concept of fuzzy mathematics was introduced to quantify the weights of the indicators, enabling the comprehensive assessment of multi-source risks. Experimental results from bridges across the project area demonstrate that this method exhibits a certain level of reliability in assessing the risks of bridge pile foundation construction in karst regions, with the evaluation results aligning well with actual conditions.