REAL-TIME CONTINUOUS MONITORING MICROFLUIDIC PLATFORM FOR MULTIPLEXED BIOMARKER DETECTION

Background.Continuous, rapid, real-time measurements of glucose, insulin, and glucagon can unravel useful information in diabetic patients in both preclinical and clinical assessments.Glucose can be rapidly, repeatedly, and, more recently, continuously measured [1].However, very little is known about dynamic changes in blood insulin and glucagon responses after glucose intake.Insulin and glucagon are among the main hormones that are involved in blood glucose homeostasis.Thus, in addition to blood glucose, there is a need to continuously measure dynamic highly time-resolved insulin and glucagon responses as they play pivotal roles in prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes (T2D).Challenge.Currently, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is extensively used in detecting and quantifying insulin and glucagon.Nevertheless, these methods have drawbacks such as being timeconsuming, lacking automation, and inability to provide continuous and real-time responses.Consequently, they can only assess the levels of these targets in a limited way, with measurements only at a few time points after ingesting meal or glucose intake.