Fiber-optic quantum gyroscope based on Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry with quantum states has emerged a crucial tool for precision measurement system. Here, a novel scheme for angular velocity measurement in a fiber-optic quantum gyroscope is proposed and demonstrated, based on Sagnac effect of frequency-entangled biphotons and incorporating a HOM interferometer. The time delay resulting from the rotation-induced Sagnac effect between the signal and idler photons generates a shift of HOM dip, which is proportional to the angular velocity. Consequently, a highly sensitivity and stability angular velocity measurement is achieved by monitoring the HOM dip. The sensitivity scale is measured to be 3 . 54 ± 0 . 08 fs / rad / s which is equivalent to a minimally detectable angular velocity of 28.25 ± 0.06 × 10 - 5 r a d / s 58.27 ± 0.12 ° / h with a time delay of 1 a s . The measurement stability of the continuous rotating system, in terms of time Allan deviation (TDEV), reaches 1.93 × 10 - 3 fs at an averaging time of 10,240 s. The corresponding angular velocity measurement stability reaches 55 × 10 - 5 r a d / s . This scheme holds potential for advancing the development of high-performance optical quantum gyroscopes.