Evaluating the Scale of Operations of Commercial Banks of Ukraine with Securities

The aim of the research is to evaluate the scale of operations of commercial banks with securities and to develop practical recommendations for their future development based on this evaluation. The article examines the scale and characteristics of operations of commercial banks in the Ukrainian securities market. The dynamics of active and passive operations of commercial banks with securities have been analyzed, indicating a significant increase in the volume of active operations with securities, as their volumes have more than tripled. Passive operations of banks demonstrated a tendency to decrease, reflecting a cautious approach by banks to attract funds through the issuance of securities. The carried out analysis of the scale of activities with securities indicates that the share of passive operations with securities in the structure of operations for the formation of banking resources is less than 1%. Along with this, the volume of active operations with securities in the structure of assets is increasing dynamically and in 2024 reaches over 35%. The current state of investment activity of banking institutions has been analyzed, particularly the structure of their investment portfolios, which predominantly consist of government debt obligations. A tendency towards increased activity of banks in the securities market has been identified, accompanied by an increase in investment volumes in this segment. Based on the accomplished analysis of investment norms N11 and N12, a low level of investment in corporate securities has been determined, with the main share of investments exclusively in government securities, indicating insufficient diversification of portfolios. Practical recommendations have been developed to enhance the effectiveness of banks’ operations through the diversification of investment portfolios, including corporate and international financial instruments. The proposed measures aim to reduce risks and increase the profitability of banking operations with securities.