The Role of Transport Infrastructure in International Integration in the Context of Globalization

In the modern world, transport infrastructure serves as a key factor in international integration, ensuring the mobility of people, goods, capital, and knowledge. Globalization, in turn, intensifies the dependence of various countries’ economies on the efficiency of transport systems, creating new challenges and opportunities. The aim of the article is to examine the role of transport infrastructure in international integration in the context of globalization. The article analyzes the definitions of the concept of «transport infrastructure» by various authors and provides an author’s own definition of the discussed term. The elements of transport infrastructure are presented, it is determined that it is a multidimensional phenomenon. The transport infrastructure is examined as a factor of international integration. It is defined that transport infrastructure is an important factor in economic growth, population mobility, and the reduction of regional inequality. The article underscores the importance of integrating transport policy with the overall goals of sustainable development. The formation of a sustainable, innovative, and environmentally efficient transport system not only addresses current challenges but also lays the foundation for sustainable development in the future. The significance of innovative solutions, such as intelligent transport systems and the use of alternative energy sources, is underlined. The necessity of international cooperation, harmonization of standards, and investment to ensure the efficiency of the transport system is underscored. The UN Sustainable Development Goals are analyzed, particularly the impact of individual goals on the development of transport infrastructure. Thus, transport infrastructure plays a crucial role in ensuring the efficiency of international connections, the integration of countries and regions, as well as achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.