The Impact of Customs Regulation on Foreign Economic Activity under Crisis Shocks

The aim of the research is to systematize the key aspects of the impact of customs regulation on foreign economic activity, taking into account geopolitical and economic changes, as well as to develop recommendations to meet the demand for imports and stimulate exporters. The study emphasizes the influence of customs regulation on the implementation of the 17th Sustainable Development Goal, which is «Partnership for Sustainable Development». Current issues of customs regulation in Ukraine are highlighted in the context of global challenges, including economic and geopolitical changes. The main aspects of customs regulation are analyzed and systematized depending on the mentioned changes, as well as its impact on foreign economic activity. The practices of customs regulation in developed countries are considered, including the advantages and disadvantages of international standardization of foreign economic processes. The scientific results are based on the systematization of key aspects of the impact of customs regulation, the use of statistical methods, the analysis of indicators of foreign economic activity, and the development of practical recommendations. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of digitalization of processes, harmonization of the regulatory framework, and the implementation of effective customs control tools. An analysis of indicators, metrics, and coefficients characterizing foreign economic activity and reflecting the impact of customs regulation on it has been carried out. These include: the level of customs burden on the economy, the openness of the economy, the coefficient of customs burden on imports, the share of imports in the country’s domestic consumption, the export-to-import coverage ratio, the ratio of import volume to GDP, and the indicator of tax revenue coverage by customs payments. The study underscores the necessity of implementing innovative approaches to customs regulation in order to reduce bureaucratic barriers, enhance the competitiveness of exporters, and ensure a balanced development of foreign economic relations. The results of the article are directed towards increasing the transparency and efficiency of the customs system in the context of sustainable development and global partnership.