Clean energy supply chain optimization: Steady-state natural gas transportation

In the context of the clean energy supply chain, optimizing the natural gas transportation scheme based on steady-state operation can not only enhance the efficiency of pipeline network operation but also facilitate the low-carbon transition of energy. As a crucial component of the clean energy supply chain, natural gas pipeline systems are highly complex, characterized by the intricate topological coupling between pipelines and stations, requiring collaborative optimization decisions for pressure, flow, and the operation of compressor stations. Additionally, the pressure drop and flow in the pipeline must satisfy nonlinear physical equations, which involve hydraulic parameters such as temperature and compressibility factor that vary with flow and pressure. To address these issues, a mixed-integer nonlinear optimization model is developed, and by linearizing the nonlinear equations, a sequential linear programming algorithm is proposed, iteratively updating the hydraulic parameters. The objective is to minimize pipeline transportation costs and energy consumption, achieving optimization of the steady-state operation of the natural gas pipeline system. Experimental results show that the proposed model and algorithm significantly improve the efficiency of the clean energy supply chain, providing theoretical support for the low-carbon and economic aspects of natural gas transportation.