Impact of Population Growth and Trade-Driven CO2Emissions on Global Sustainability: Evidence from 55 OIC and OECD Nations

This investigation explores the complex interconnection between population growth and CO2 emissions in the context of export-driven activities, focusing on the global transportation sector. It refers to a gap in the existing literature by examining how demographic trends can influence the environmental impact of international trade. The data from 55 nations, including 22 OIC and 33 OECD countries, are evaluated in this study between 2011 and 2020. Using meteorological data with greenhouse gas and CO2 emissions as climate change markers, a novel empirical analysis of the inverse link between economic development and climate change is proposed. The research indicates that nations with inferior infrastructure, less capacity for adaptation, and more exposure to climate-related threats are more severely affected by climate change in economic development. A cycle of environmental degradation can be initiated by increasing global energy consumption, particularly in emerging market countries, resulting in long-term environmental damage and economic instability. We conducted several tests examining various economic levels, maximum energy consumption, and various measurements of dependent, independent, and control variables to ensure robustness. These assessments demonstrated our results' dependability and consistency in a range of situations and circumstances.