Performance Evaluation of Chromatic and Polarization Dispersion of Fiber Optic Transmission Link in Broadband Communication

This study involved quantitative evaluation of the performance of dispersion and polarization of light in fibre optic link for broadband communication. The dispersion that occurs in the transmission of signal over a separation of 120km at 100 Gbps were studied, and uniform chirped fiber Bragg grating dispersion compensation adopting three particular setups of Pre, Post and Mix dispersion compensation procedures. Optical fiber is a medium of slender glass or plastic strands, empowers high-speed data transmission across extensive frequency ranges, spanning up to 25THz, and this was achieved without signal amplification. However, as data rates and transmission distances escalate, challenges stemming from nonlinearities and dispersion intensify, impacting overall performance. This study is devoted to tackling these challenges through the deployment of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in three distinct configurations: Pre, Post, and Mix dispersion compensation. Its principal objective is the correction of dispersion in a 120 km transmission operating at 100 Gbps. The results obtained from each of the three compensations methods employing Optisystem simulation application software were then analysed using key performance metrics such as Bit Error Rate (BER), Quality Factor (Q-Factor), and received power to identify the best compensation method with the ultimate aim of significantly enhancing signal transmission performance. Postcompensation of UFBG shows best performances by exhibiting the highest quality factor, lowest BER and power requirements of the three compensation techniques. Hence, UFBG Post-compensation is recommended to mitigate chromatic and polarization dispersions in fibre optic transmission systems. The findings of the work will provide useful information in the design and manufacture of fibre optic transmission equipment for long-haul data communication systems.