The Crisis of the Communist Movement and the Latin American Revolution. Bolivian Maoism in the “long 60s”

The Soviet-Chinese disagreement and conflict in the early 1960s deeply affected the International Communist Move-ment and led to a split and internal struggle in most com-munist parties in the world, and in Latin America in particu-lar. In Bolivia, this conflict was echoed in the ranks of the lo-cal Communist Party, which was split along the lines of the political choice of an armed and peaceful path of revolution, reliance on the peasantry, and criticism of Stalin's cult of per-sonality at the XX-th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Maoism as a doctrine was not immediately adopted by the pro-Chinese Communist Party of Bolivia, as the left wing of the party, more influenced by the Cuban Rev-olution and its experience, left to join the new Communist Party. This article analyzes the ideological divisions in the Bolivian Communist Party, the political practice of the pro-Chinese party in the workers' movement, during the period of Che Guevara's gérilla in Bolivia, the attempt to create its own guerrilla war in Bolivia, the activities of the 1971 People's As-sembly, as well as during the Banzer`s military dictatorship, that is, during the so-called long 60s, the period of revolutionary upsurge in Latin America after the victory of the Cu-ban Revolution.