Green System Effects on Energy Environmental Sustainability of Urban Built-Up Areas

This work presents a methodological approach for the assessment of the combined effects of air enthalpy variations due to the presence of green systems and building thermodynamics. It serves as a valuable tool for energy sustainability improvement of urban areas and for defining scenarios of integrated energy strategies with low environmental impact from the perspective of green energy transition and environmental sustainability. The proposed approach is based on two energy environmental methods, i.e., top-down and bottom-up. Using environmental thermodynamics, they allow for the evaluation of energy sustainability of green ecosystem services in urban areas and their areal distribution in different built-up zones. The proposed methodological approach is an effective operational tool for urban energy and environmental sustainability evaluations, focusing not only on the reduction of anthropogenic impacts, mitigation of urban heat islands, and climate change adaptation but also on promoting energy-efficient microclimate changes.