Antibacterial Potential of Green Synthesize Gold Nanoparticles Using Pomegranate Peel Extract on MDR Uropathogenic Bacteria

Urinary tract infections have become a public health concern in recent years due to antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study is to assess the antibacterial activity of green synthesize gold nanoparticles on MDR bacteria. One hundred urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infections, the identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests of bacterial isolates were achieved by using the Vitek 2 compact system. The green AuNPs was synthesized by using extract of pomegranate peel, then detected visually by changing in color, and characterized by using Ultra-Violet/ Visible spectroscopy and SEM. The antibacterial activity of AuNPs is determined by agar well diffusing. Out of 100 urine samples, seventy-three bacterial isolates were 38 (52%) Gram-negative bacteria and 35 (47.9%) were Gram-positive bacteria. Among Gram-negative bacteria, E. Coli 26 (68.42%) was the most common species. While the most common Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus epidermidis 15 (42.8%). Gold Nanoparticles were detected visually by changing in color to violet and characterized using Ultra-Violet/ Visible spectroscopy (UVVis) that showed absorbance peak (550 nm). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyzer showed the size ranged from (64-76nm) with spherical shape. The gold nanoparticles have the ability to inhibit the growth of E. Coli (13mm) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (12mm) bacteria. Green gold nanoparticles can be used eco-friendlily (more safety, less toxicity) as an alternative to antibiotics against antibiotic resistance bacteria.