Karyomorphology and microsatellites characterization of Limnonectes gyldenstolpei: first report from Thailand

In the present investigation, karyotype and microsatellites pattern in the chromosome of Gyldenstolpe’s Frog (Limnonectes gyldenstolpei) have been analyzed. The aspect of chromosome numbers, morphology, nucleolus organizer region (NOR) locations and microsatellites pattern [d(CA)15, d(CGG)10, d(GC)15, d(TA)15]. We provided the karyotype and idiogram of this species by conventional staining, Ag-NOR banding and Fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. For the study, five male and female samples collected from northern Thailand, were used. The metaphase chromosome preparations were prepared from the bone marrows by the standard protocol. The result shows that L. gyldenstolpei had the diploid chromosome number (2n) was 26 and the fundamental number (NF) were 56 in both males and females. The karyotype is composed of 4 large metacentric, 4 large submetacentric, 2 medium metacentric, 14 small metacentric and 2 small submetacentric chromosomes. The NORs bearing chromosome were in close to the telomere region on chromosome pair 1. In addition, the microsatellite d(CGG)10 and (GC)15 hybridization results confirmed the NOR region. The in situ localization pattern of d(CA)15 microsatellites was positive on all telomere chromosome, while microsatellites d(TA)15 have no signal on chromosome. Here we provide a classical and some molecular genetics information for L. gyldenstolpei useful as a species specific marker.