Broadband high-gain W-band antenna integrated module for radar applications

This study presents a W-band antenna integration module using High-Density Interconnect (HDI) technology for radar applications. The module integrates 64 transmit/receive (TRX) channels, each with a 2×2 sub-array, forming a 16×16 antenna array. To address warpage and manufacturing constraints caused by asymmetric copper coverage in HDI substrates, we introduce non-resonant patches and cavity structures, enhancing copper uniformity and gain performance. Broadband impedance matching techniques mitigate vertical impedance discontinuities. A single TRX channel demonstrates a 23.35% impedance bandwidth (87-110 GHz) and a peak gain of 13.74 dBi. The full module’s simulated peak gain reaches 26.83 dBi at 97 GHz, confirming the viability of HDI technology for W-band antenna integration.