On Two Concepts of the Word in Dialogue: Ferdinand Ebner and Mikhail Bakhtin

Introduction. The theory of dialogue of the Austrian linguistic philosopher F. Ebner (1882-1931), outlined by him in the book “The Word and Spiritual Realities. Pneumatological fragments" (1921), and the concept of dialogue by M. Bakhtin, which became the philosophical basis of the book "Problems of Dostoevsky's creativity" (1929) and his further works, provide many grounds for their comparative analysis not only from the point of view of philosophy, but also from the standpoint of aesthetics. This relates primarily to Ebner and Bakhtin's concept of the dialogical word as a word that is two-voiced and religious in nature. Content. The problems of the functioning of the dialogical word in life and in art, which occupied one of the central places in the works of F. Ebner and M. Bakhtin, have not yet become the subject of consistent research. Comparative-historical and phenomenological methods are promising for analyzing the topic stated in the article. Relying on this methodology made it possible to identify a number of typological ones, that is, going beyond the issues of mutual influence of texts, convergences in their works, and also point out the fact of the possible interaction of the dialogue ideas of Ebner and Bakhtin. Conclusions. The two concepts of the word in dialogue, discussed in the article, make it possible to identify paradigmatic lines in the development of linguistic dialogue philosophy in the first third of the twentieth century and describe the specifics of its development in Austria and Russia.