The Russian Linguistic Worldview: A Search for Concepts in the Silver Age Culture and Modern Philosophy

Introduction. The article examines the “linguistic picture of the world” problem and the connection of natural language with a certain way of understanding and perceiving the world, which is widely debated in philosophy and ethnolinguistics. The aspiration of Russian culture to preserve its deep linguistic core is relevant and significant. In the context of the value-orientation crisis that modern humanity is experiencing, it is very important to address the basic, fundamental values of humanism, embedded in the very linguistic structure of Russian culture. Content. The author analyzes the concepts of “worldview” and “linguistic picture of the world”, as well as the idea of linguistic relativity (or linguistic relativism). The modern linguistic picture of the world in the modern era is associated with the transformation of rationality types and with the formation of a new rationality open type. Russian linguistic worldview development is determined by the integration processes in the post-Soviet space, which have shown the relevance of the Russian language. The hypothesis of linguistic relativity suggests that the structure of a language affects the perception of the world and the views of its speakers, as well as their cognitive processes. The author explores the strict and soft versions of this hypothesis, its discrepancies with Noam Chomsky's theory of universal grammar. The understanding of language as a repository of the national cultural code was vividly manifested in the Silver Age philosophy and culture (N. Berdyaev, N. Roerich, V. Rozanov). Russian Silver Age philosophy and anthropology were engaged in interpreting the spiritual life of man not as a special form of the world of phenomena, but as a peculiar reality, which in its depths is connected with the absolute and cosmic principles of existence. The article examines the theme of wandering in the culture of the Silver Age. Conclusions. The structure of language, explicit and implicit semantics of speech, have an impact on spiritual, cognitive, emotional and intellectual processes in culture. The interdependence of the “linguistic picture of the world” and the syncretic value-oriented Russian culture is shown.