Measuring artificial intelligence literacy: The perspective of Indonesian higher education students

As artificial intelligence [AI] increasingly permeates various sectors—including education, economics, healthcare, and government—a comprehensive understanding of this technology becomes essential. This analysis aims to identify four dimensions of AI literacy—awareness, usage, evaluation, and ethics—among Indonesian higher education students and examine the factors influencing AI literacy, including gender, age, and ownership of technological devices, through a descriptive-quantitative approach. A survey methodology was employed, utilizing an Artificial Intelligence Literacy questionnaire. The findings indicate that the level of AI literacy among higher education students remains relatively low, with many individuals demonstrating a limited understanding of the subject. These results underscore the necessity for intensified efforts to enhance students' comprehension and skills related to AI technology, enabling them to compete effectively in an increasingly digital job market. Recommendations include developing educational programs to elevate awareness and utilization of AI technology.