Planning of Power Allocation Strategies for a Hybrid Energy Storage System in a Joint Energy-Reserve-Frequency Regulation Market

Due to increasing penetration of renewable energy, building a rational joint and frequency regulation market to utilize energy storage system's characteristics of storage and frequency regulation becomes a crucial method to maintain system security and consumption of renewable energy. This paper first analyses various ESS's (Battery energy storage system, Hydrogen energy storage system, Compressed air energy storage system) physical characteristics and models these characteristics in a security-constrained unit commitment problem. Then we plan bidding strategies for various ESS participating in a joint energy-reserve-frequency regulation market. The goal of our plan is to maintain system's power balance and frequency security when ESS can get enough motivation to provide reserve and frequency regulation services. The proposed frequency regulation market is composed by frequency regulation mileage and frequency regulation capacity. Finally, we study the optimal power allocation strategy to guide a hybrid energy storage system to provide frequency support and reserve for power system.