Development and Validation of a Partial Discharge Simulation Platform for Transformer Insulation Monitoring

The stable operation of transformers is critical for power grid security. And the partial discharges detection is important to avoid insulation risk. Accurate detection of partial discharge signals remains challenging due to their weak, nonlinear, and random nature. This study developed a partial discharge simulation platform to replicate signals under various conditions. The platform design considers real transformer winding electric fields, installation constraints, and performance reliability. It features reusable discharge models simulating oil gap and suspension discharges. A UHF sensing detection system, covering 300 MHz to 1500 MHz with a 40 dB gain, was employed to validate the models. Experiment results showed that the detectable discharges of approximately 50 pC for oil gap and 30 pC for suspension models, demonstrating the platform is efficient.