Optimal Layout of Multiple Distributed Energy Storage Systems in Active Distribution Networks Considering System Uncertainties

The uncertainties associated with renewable energy generation and load have a significant impact on the stable operation of active distribution networks (ADN). Distributed Energy Storage Systems (DESS), which can be flexibly deployed, are able to optimize energy dispatch by storing energy during periods of low demand and releasing it during periods of high demand. The problem is formulated to consider the optimal locations and sizes of DESS to be placed in an ADN, while respecting the constraints of the system. A Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm is applied to determine the optimal layout of DESS considering the uncertainties of PV generation and load fluctuations. The voltage fluctuation is adopted as a fitness value to evaluate the effect of the solution. Simulations have been performed for the IEEE 33 bus system to demonstrate the effect of DESS in improving the power quality of the distribution system.