Optimization of Virtual Power Plant Operation Strategy Based on Deviation Demand Response

As an aggregator of distributed resources, a virtual power plant (VPP) incorporates various distributed resources scattered across different nodes in the distribution grid. In cases where there is significant voltage deviation at distribution grid nodes, it is possible to consider adjusting the load variation of distributed resources to control the voltage deviation. This paper proposes a demand response strategy for virtual power plants based on controlling voltage deviation. Demand response prices are set according to indicators such as voltage deviation, enabling users within the virtual power plant to adjust their loads in response to the demand response electricity prices based on voltage deviation. This helps in controlling the voltage deviation at distribution grid nodes and improving the operational stability of the virtual power plant within the distribution grid. The paper constructs a two-layer optimization operational model for the virtual power plant, with the upper-layer objective being the minimization of operating costs considering electricity sales revenue and voltage violation penalty terms. The lower-layer objective is to minimize the network losses in the distribution grid of the virtual power plant. Feasibility and effectiveness of the demand.