Coordinated Planning of Offshore Green Ammonia Production and Near-Zero Ship Transportation for Multiple Energy Islands

Energy island is an effective technological approach for large-scale energy development in deep-sea areas. However, due to the long distance between offshore wind power and the mainland, the cost of power transmission is still high. This article will explore for the first time the energy production and transportation form, which utilizing offshore wind power to produce ammonia locally and electric ships to transport ammonia, achieving near-zero emissions by considering ship in en-route charging at the energy island. A corresponding planning model is established, and the cost is compared with that of power transmission and onshore ammonia production. The results show that the proposed method reduces the battery capacity requirements of ships and has economic advantages compared to the form of offshore wind power transmission and onshore ammonia production. The proposed method provides economic analysis methods support for future energy island planning.