Enhancing Power System Stability Against DoS Attacks Through Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation

This study explores the stability and security of power systems in the face of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks through Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) simulation technology. As the application of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and smart devices becomes more widespread, power systems have evolved from traditional physical networks to complex Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). While this transformation has enhanced system efficiency and flexibility, it has also made power systems more susceptible to cyberattacks, especially concerning the security of critical infrastructure. This study establishes a CPS test platform incorporating real hardware, compares the response and recovery capabilities of centralized versus distributed control architectures under DoS attacks, and assesses in real time the direct impact of cyberattacks on the physical operation of power systems. Through these simulations, the study aims to reveal the strengths and limitations of different control architectures, providing a scientific basis for enhancing the security and stability of power systems.