Optimization of Intelligent Reflecting Surface Dimensions under Partial Blockages

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) can eliminate dead zones by creating alternative paths for radio propagation. However, in environments with numerous moving obstacles, the aperture of the IRS may become partially obstructed, reducing the effective area and consequently, the gain of the IRS. Although increasing the aperture size of the IRS can mitigate the impact of obstacles, the possible installation area is limited owing to location and cost constraints. Therefore, this study proposes a method to optimally design the installation area of the IRS by considering spatial characteristics, such as the size and density of obstacles. Based on numerical analysis, moving obstacles should be considered to effectively determine the IRS installation strategy. This study contributes to the construction of communication areas in environments with numerous obstacles, such as smart factories, offices, and warehouses.