Load Modeling of Distributed Generators Interfaced with Inverters

This paper presents active load models for distributed generators (DGs) interfaced with voltage-source converters (VSCs) in power systems. With the integration of DGs, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems, traditional load models are no longer adequate. The proposed model captures the dynamic behaviors of DGs, particularly under the control of grid-forming inverters (GFM) and grid-following inverters (GFL), during disturbances and faults. The model is validated through simulation, demonstrating its accuracy in representing DG responses during grid faults. The study also outlines a parameter estimation procedure for the load model, which is essential for its practical application. The findings are crucial for ensuring grid stability and reliability in high DG penetration. Future work will extend the model to aggregated DGs for more comprehensive grid analysis.