Optimizing Energy Efficiency in Home PV Systems through MPPT and Converter Control

Integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) systems into the energy grid has garnered significant attention due to its potential to mitigate environmental concerns and meet the escalating energy demands. This research presents a comprehensive design approach for a boost converter-based control system to regulate the power output of a solar PV system. The study addresses critical considerations such as the arrangement of solar panels to achieve desired power ratings, implementation of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms, and operation in voltage control mode. The DC load is connected to the boost converter output, allowing the solar PV system to operate in MPPT and de-rated voltage control modes. The designed control algorithm has been successfully implemented in a 2.03 kW small-scale PV system, and performance is evaluated based on both controllers output voltage regulation. Based on the findings, MPPT outperforms voltage control strategies. Smooth voltage swings were observed to maintain a steady DC output at 410 V. Additionally, the current vs time graph illustrates that prolonged solar panel exposure correlates with higher output when under MPPT control. This study contributes to advancing solar PV system design and control strategies, offering insights for researchers and practitioners in renewable energy technology.