Design of Lightweight Perforated Pyramidal Horn Antenna with Constant Beamwidth

This study addresses the long-standing challenge of horn antenna's bulk and weight, which limits their versatility. A novel, lightweight perforated pyramidal horn antenna is proposed, achieving a constant beamwidth and operating in the X-band (8–12 GHz) with a resonance frequency of 10 GHz, VSWR < 2, and return loss < −10 dB. These results were simulated in the Antenna Toolbox from MATLAB. This design reduces weight by 30% compared to traditional designs, enabled by advanced computational optimization techniques. Simulations demonstrate outstanding performance in radiation pattern, gain, beamwidth, return loss, VSWR, and polarization. The antenna's consistent beamwidth and superior radiation characteristics make it an ideal solution for satellite communications, radar systems, RF jammers on naval platforms, and airborne and shipborne applications where high performance and reduced weight are essential.