Effect of Green ZSM-5 Catalysts on Pyrolysis of Hallea Ciliate Wood Agro Residue for Bio-Oil Production

High consumption of energy, industrial revolution and depletion of ozone layer by fossil fuel has prompted the global world to focus on alternative for generation of sustainable and renewable energy via biomass pyrolysis. Therefore, this study, examined the effect of green ZSM-5 catalyst on bio-fuel qualities produced from catalytic pyrolysis of Hallea ciliate (Hc) wood residues at various temperatures (400 and 500 °C) and biomass catalyst ratios (100:0, 95:5, 90:10, and 85:15). Hc residue was characterized by Ultimate and proximate analysis of the sample, bio-oil yields were characterized using CHNSO analyzer and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) techniques and Higher heating value (HHV) were also obtained. The ultimate analysis results showed that the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and Sulphur content for Hc were 52.35, 8.9, 2.74, 36.00 and 0.01%. The Moisture content for Hc was 7.30%. The Gc-Ms analysis of bio-oils from 400 and 500oC showed the dominance of phenols. The bio-oil yields obtained from non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis ranged from 42.00-44.00 wt% and 47.2046.80 wt% respectively. The bio-char yields obtained from non- catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of Hc range from 20.80-18.30 wt% and 20.90-20.70 wt% respectively. The higher heating value (HHV) of the bio-oil obtained from non- catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of Hc range from 29.43-29.84% and 32.19-32.78% respectively. The HHV of the bio-char obtained from non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of Hc range from 29.98-30.81% and 32.14-32.84% respectively. Green ZMS-5 catalyst improved the chemical composition of the HHV fuel, qualities and properties of the bio-oil and bio-char. Bio-oil from catalyst pyrolysis has the potential of being used in the applications depend on the specific properties of the bio-oil produced and the technologies available for its utilization