Design and Implementation of Air Pollution Monitoring WSN System

Air pollution has been a lingering problem in Nigeria, particularly in urban areas, where there are much vehicular movement and other commercial and industrial activities. Most of the air pollution has been traced to carbon monoxide (CO) which comes as a result of unburn fossil fuel from vehicles and generators as well as burning of tires. Overtime, the in-hailing of these air pollutants has resulted to many deaths as often times these pollutants in the air has been discovered to be above WHO recommended healthy threshold. Hence, the design and implementation of wireless sensor network using appropriate MATLAB and deployed to several test sites for air pollution quality monitoring with relevant sensors (Air quality and CO) and collate data from sensor and carry out relevant analysis. The wireless sensor network so designed used the basic point to point topology whereby the nodes can communicate with the receiver directly. The work explains the steps of design and implementation and how it operated and the data reception from the sensor nodes. The WSN setup supported the data collation of the air pollutant levels measurement. Analysis revealed that emission level of CO during night time (23:00) to early morning (05:00) is low as a result of lesser vehicular movement and activities. The findings obtained through the wireless sensor networks are extremely reliable compare to traditional methods. As a result, wireless sensor network approach provides 70 to 100% accuracy in comparison to other traditional methods, which provide roughly 50 to 70% accuracy. Moreover, 26.67% of the daily emission of CO in the study area passed the WHO daily average standard of 10ppm while 0% passed the European Union and United States daily average standard of 9ppm. Recommendations for future works were made.