Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Early Detection of Diabetes Retinopathy: Its Benefits and Limitation in Nursing Practice

Diabetes is a significant public health concern that significantly reduces patients' quality of life and raises morbidity and mortality rates. If not well managed, diabetes can lead to several long-term effects, including visual impairments. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a specific concern, resulting in the loss of vision in millions of individuals worldwide, especially those who are 50 years old and older. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents numerous possibilities to improve diabetic care, especially in the screening of retinal disorders. This review aims to explore various AI tools in the context of diabetes management and diabetic retinopathy screening. A search was conducted in electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct using relevant keywords. The literature provides empirical evidence about different AI tools used by healthcare professionals, including nurses, to manage and screen for DR. In conclusion, AI has the potential to improve the global impact of diabetes and enhance the well-being of those affected by the condition.