Design and Construction of an Automatic Motion Tracking Security Light with Embedded Backup Power Control System

Efficient intrusion detection system is now essential due to increasing attacks on houses, offices, companies, banks, etc. Technology makes motion detection a possibility by calculating the change in an object’s speed or vector within the field of view. Either mechanical devices that engage with the field directly or electrical gadgets that measure and quantify changes in the surrounding environment can do this. An essential part of automated lighting management is a motion detection system and automatic security light control. Providing a design that will activate a security light put in the building or compound at night and switch it off during the day is the aim of this research project. The system consists of Arduino microcontroller, motion sensor, stepper motor, and electric LED bulb. It has SMS alert feature, sense motion; change the light source to determine motion direction, and backup power. When the microcontroller is first turned on, it checks the output voltage of the solar panel to see if it is daytime. The microcontroller remains inactive in daylight and becomes active at night. Throughout the night, if the microcontroller detects a drop in voltage from the solar panel, the security light will turn on. Next, changes in the motion sensors’ output are observed to see if they indicate movement. It decodes the movement pattern and determines if the motion is moving left to right, right to left, or stays in the previously identified zone using the data from all three sensors. When the microcontroller detects movement and is turned on, it will first send control pulses to the stepper motor to move the light in that direction and then to the GSM module to send an SMS to a pre-programmed number. Results show that the system responses correspond to the movement location status and the GSM-SMS appropriately sent in response to the movement status.