Coexistence of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Diagnosed on a Bone Marrow Trephine Biopsy

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), both malignant hematological cancers, are primarily different diseases. The coexistence of these two malignancies at initial diagnosis is rare and often leads to unique challenges in the treatment of the patient. Here, we present a case of a 70-year-old male who presented with pancytopenia on peripheral blood and was diagnosed with concurrent AML and low-grade B-NHL on a bone marrow trephine biopsy. He was diagnosed solely on a bone marrow trephine biopsy as his aspirate was diluted and inadequate for flow cytometry. There are only a small number of case reports with the coexistence of AML and low-grade B-NHL.