Dual loyalty conflict in Australian immigration detention: a struggle of ideology and power

Healthcare professionals engaging with Australia's immigration detention system experience a dual loyalty conflict. This paper analyses the conflict through critical discourse analysis of publicly available statements made by affected professionals. The professionals involved came from a variety of healthcare professions, including medical, dental, nursing and psychology, collectively referred to in this paper as 'the profession'. The study focuses on the period between 2012 and 2017, a time of heightened tension between the profession and the Australian Government. The paper explores the political context surrounding the detention system and its role in the dual loyalty conflict. Incompatible ideologies fuelled the conflict faced by the profession during the study period. The Australian Government's deterrence ideology and treatment of people seeking asylum conflicted with the ideology and values expressed by the profession. As part of the dual loyalty conflict, the profession also faced several struggles in exerting its power. The profession struggled to provide proper healthcare in detention, they struggled to use their expertise to improve the detention system, and they struggled when advocating for their patients to society. Additionally, the profession faced an internal struggle due to their recognition that deterrence ideology had impacted the behaviour of some professionals within the detention system. Australia's experiences serve as a lesson for other nations where deterrence ideology has taken hold.