Constructing an analytical definition of social sustainability for the maritime industry: a systematic literature review

Academic and practical professional discourse regarding the future of the maritime industry frequently refers to “sustainable development” and “sustainability,” both of which exhibit a complex interrelation of economic, environmental, and social aspects. However, while significant work has been done to understand the environmental and economic dimensions, there is little clarity or consensus regarding the social aspects of sustainability, especially in specific contexts. For example, the definition of social sustainability in the maritime industry, as well as the associated elements and targets, remain unclear. Although both researchers and practitioners have explored social sustainability from various perspectives in maritime literature, there is a notable lack of consistency in its analytical approaches and frameworks. Using a systematic literature review, this article examines the current understanding of social sustainability in the maritime industry. We contend that a better definition of the construct of social sustainability will enhance policy- and decision-making in the maritime industry with respect to sustainable development.