SÍNDROME DE POEMS: CONHECER PARA DIAGNOSTICAR

ABSTRACT POEMS syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic disease characterized by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma cell disorder, and skin changes. This study aims to report a clinical case of a 34-year-old female patient with clinical manifestations of the syndrome, highlighting the importance of early recognition for an accurate diagnosis. The patient initially presented with nonspecific symptoms such as epigastric pain and weight loss, progressing to muscle weakness, ascites, and hepatosplenomegaly. Investigative tests revealed monoclonal gammopathy, sclerotic bone lesions, and axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy, meeting the diagnostic criteria for POEMS. The diagnosis was established according to the criteria system of the International Myeloma Working Group, updated in 2021. After the diagnosis, the patient was referred for specialized treatment, with therapy indicated based on the extent of the disease. In conclusion, POEMS syndrome presents a significant clinical challenge due to its heterogeneous presentation and indolent progression, making knowledge of the pathology essential to avoid misdiagnoses and enable appropriate treatment. Keywords: POEMS syndrome, polyneuropathy, monoclonal gammopathy